اثر مکمل یاری همزمان کلسیم و ویتامین D بر کنترل گلایسمی، التهاب و استرس اکسیداتیو در بیماران مبتلا به دیابت بارداری: یک مداخله موازی

Background: This study was designed to assess the effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on the metabolic status of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: This randomized placebo-controlled trial was performed at maternity clinics affiliated to Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. Participants were 56 women with GDM at 24&ndash;28 weeks gestation (18 to 40 years of age). Subjects were randomly assigned to receive calcium plus vitamin D supplements or placebo. All study participants were blinded to group assignment. Individuals in the calcium&ndash;vita- min D group (n = 28) received 1,000 mg calcium per day and a 50,000 U vitamin D3&nbsp; pearl twice during the study (at study baseline and on day 21 of the intervention), and those in the placebo group (n = 28) received two placebos at the mentioned times. Fasting blood samples were taken at study baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention. Results: The study was completed by 51 participants (calcium&ndash;vitamin D n = 25, placebo n =26). However, as the analysis was based on an intention-to-treat approach, all 56 women with GDM (28 in each group) were included in the final analysis. After the administration of calcium plus vitamin D supplements, we observed a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose (p < 0.001), serum insulin levels (p = 0.02) and HOMA-IR (p = 0.001) and a significant increase in QUICKI (p = 0.003) compared with placebo. In addition, a significant reduction in serum LDL-cholesterol (P=0.02) and total cholesterol: HDL-cholesterol ratio (p = 0.003) and a significant elevation in HDL-cholesterol levels (p = 0.01) was seen after intervention in the calcium&ndash;vitamin D group compared with placebo. In addition, calcium plus vitamin D supplementation resulted in a significant increase in GSH (p =0.03) and prevented a rise in MDA levels (p = 0.03) compared with placebo. Conclusion: Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation in women with GDM had beneficial effects on their metabolic profile.